Identification, Characterization, and Growth-Promoting Effects of Bacterial Endophytes Isolated from Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.)

Microorganisms colonize plant roots and exhibit growth promotion properties, therefore functioning as biofertilizers. To effectively use growth-promoting rhizobacteria, understanding their colonizing behavior ability to compete with co-existing bacteria is essential. In this study, 12 endophytic bacterial strains belonging seven genera in four classes 99–100% homology were isolated from the of okra plants (Abelmoschus esculentus L.). Four isolates (Okhm3, Okhm5-4, Okhm10, Okhm11) inoculated on seeds effects colonization single mixed inoculations evaluated. Okra was cultivated using sterilized vermiculite, parameters measured 30 d after seed inoculation. All exhibited traits that could improve pot culture experiments. Notably, Okhm5-4 Okhm10 (belonging Ensifer Pseudomonas genera) revealed highest plants. Both detected endosphere rhizosphere lower than Okhm3, showed better Okhm3. Therefore, potential does not determine effects. While Okhm3 populations remained stable both inoculation conditions, population level other decreased This study endophytes can be exploited bio-fertilizers for sustainable agriculture systems.